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petty shopkeepers

См. также в других словарях:

  • Petty Bourgeoisie —    A term used by Karl Marx to refer to the middle classes lying between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat and typified by shopkeepers owning their own small businesses. The label class is used of the petty bourgeoisie in a loose sense as they… …   Historical dictionary of Marxism

  • petty bourgeoisie — noun A social class of that bourgeoisie that typically works alongside their employees if they have any, exemplified by shopkeepers and professionals. Syn: petite bourgeoisie Ant: haute bourgeoisie …   Wiktionary

  • petty bourgeoisie — noun lower middle class (shopkeepers and clerical staff etc.) • Syn: ↑petit bourgeois, ↑petite bourgeoisie • Hypernyms: ↑middle class, ↑bourgeoisie • Member Meronyms: ↑petit bourgeois …   Useful english dictionary

  • nation of shopkeepers — country with a petty bourgeois mentality …   English contemporary dictionary

  • ECONOMIC HISTORY — This article is arranged according to the following outline: first temple period exile and restoration second temple period talmudic era muslim middle ages medieval christendom economic doctrines early modern period sephardim and ashkenazim… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • Italy — /it l ee/, n. a republic in S Europe, comprising a peninsula S of the Alps, and Sicily, Sardinia, Elba, and other smaller islands: a kingdom 1870 1946. 57,534,088; 116,294 sq. mi. (301,200 sq. km). Cap.: Rome. Italian, Italia. * * * Italy… …   Universalium

  • Germany — /jerr meuh nee/, n. a republic in central Europe: after World War II divided into four zones, British, French, U.S., and Soviet, and in 1949 into East Germany and West Germany; East and West Germany were reunited in 1990. 84,068,216; 137,852 sq.… …   Universalium

  • TRADE AND COMMERCE — In the Bible The geopolitical location of Palestine, set as it is in the heart of the Fertile Crescent, made it a pivotal link in the commercial activities carried on by land and sea between, on the one hand, Egypt and the Arabian Peninsula in… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • ANTISEMITISM — ANTISEMITISM, a term coined in 1879, from the Greek ἁντί = anti, and Σημ = Semite by the German agitator wilhelm marr to designate the then current anti Jewish campaigns in Europe. Antisemitism soon came into general use as a term denoting all… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • MODERN TIMES – FROM THE 1880S TO THE EARLY 21ST CENTURY — introduction effects of anti jewish discrimination in russia pogroms and mass emigration german jewry racism and antisemitism The Economic Crisis of the Early 1930s In Soviet Russia after 1917 new types of social organization contribution to… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • ROME — ROME, capital of Italy. The Classical Period THE MIDDLE AND LATE REPUBLIC The earliest record of contact between Jews and the Roman Republic is the embassy sent by judah the Maccabee to Rome, headed by Eupolemos ben Joḥanan, and Jason ben Eleazar …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

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